A wrist fracture, commonly referred to as a distal radius fracture, is one of the most frequent injuries, especially among older adults and individuals engaged in sports. It typically occurs when a person falls onto an outstretched hand, causing the wrist to absorb the impact. The force from the fall can be significant enough to break the radius bone near the wrist joint. Symptoms of a wrist fracture often include immediate pain, swelling, bruising, and the inability to move the wrist or grip objects. In many cases, a visible deformity may also occur, where the wrist appears bent or misaligned. Diagnosis is primarily made through a physical examination and imaging studies, such as X-rays, which determine the extent and type of fracture. Once diagnosed, the appropriate course of treatment depends on the fracture's severity, displacement, and the patient's overall health. Many simple, non-displaced fractures can be treated conservatively using a cast or splint to immobilize the wrist and allow it to heal naturally. This immobilization typically lasts between six to eight weeks, during which regular check-ups may be conducted to monitor the healing process through follow-up X-rays. Pain management strategies may involve over-the-counter medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, and ice can be applied to reduce swelling. For more complex fractures that are displaced or involve joint surfaces, surgical intervention may be necessary to realign the bones properly. This can involve the use of screws, plates, or rods to stabilize the fracture and promote optimal healing. Post-surgery, a cast or splint is usually applied, and rehabilitation exercises may be introduced once healing is underway. These exercises are critical for restoring strength and range of motion and usually commence about four to six weeks after the injury, once the bone begins to heal adequately. Physical therapy may also play a vital role in recovery, helping to regain function and flexibility in the wrist. The treatment plan includes educating the patient on how to protect the wrist during the healing process and avoiding high-impact activities until it is fully healed. Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers are essential to ensure proper recovery and address any complications that may arise, such as stiffness, weakness, or chronic pain, which can sometimes occur. Overall, while wrist fractures can pose challenges, most individuals can expect a complete recovery with appropriate medical intervention. Early diagnosis and tailored treatment significantly enhance prognosis and help patients return to daily activities and sports without long-term impairment.
